On the other hand, iceberg lettuce planted in autumn-winter has a duration from transplanting of 100 to 120 days. Spring and summer varieties have a very short cycle, from 50 to 70 days. The growing cycle of iceberg lettuce depends 100% on the weather and the time of planting. It is the most common type of lettuce, as it is easy to grow and obtain all year round, it keeps very well and has many vitamins and minerals, being the queen of salads. Iceberg lettuce is a round-shaped lettuce, but with very broad, concave and wrinkled leaves, with a light colour and crunchy texture. Yet, lettuce does not match the power of opium nor does it produce toxicity. It is often used as a tranquilizer and a mild sedative due to some substances which are chemically similar to opium. Likewise, it provides with little quantities of potassium, calcium, phosphorous and iron. Besides, lettuce is considered an alkaline vegetable which helps keeping balance of the acids provided mainly by meat consumption. The dark green leaves are the richest in vitamins and minerals. It is advisable to eat raw lettuce so as to avoid losing nutrients. Lettuce nutrients make it a source of folic acid, Vitamin C and Pro-vitamin A- beta-carotene- whereas niancin, tiamin (Vitamin B1) and riboflavin (B2) are found in lesser amounts. Water is the main element present in all types of lettuce, about 95%, one of the highest percentages among all vegetables. Most attended Min’s celebration every year. Moreover, Egyptians represented Min “God of Fertility and Protector of Harvests” with a lettuce plant.
Sumerians, Egyptians, Persians, Greeks and Romans made well use of lettuce, having the Romans discovered some varieties according to written evidence.
Its origins are still difficult to trace back nowadays. Lettuce belongs to the Compositae family, and it is without any doubt the main ingredient in salads.
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